The Effect of Some Physical Factors and Lead on Soil and Smoking Workers in Gas Stations in Kirkuk Governorate

Abstrak

This study was completed in the city of Kirkuk. Environmental pollution with lead was studied in a number of government gas stations in Kirkuk Governorate, causing an increase in the rates of pollutants coming out of car exhaust, including the lead element in five sites, namely: Andalusia gas station, Al-Mutawra gas station, Baba Gurgur gas station, and Uqba bin Nafi gas station. The fifth site is the control site in the Domiz area in the south of the province. The research sampled the soil of these stations for a period of six months, a sample every month, starting from November 2022 until April 2023, and blood samples were taken for some smoking workers in those stations, as the concentration of the lead element in those samples was determined. Also, its effect on some blood parameters (C-RP, Pb) and pollution was studied by calculating the concentration of lead and some tests for the blood of people working in gas stations and those not working in them. The results of the study were determined by three main parts:
First: Quantitative results related to the amount of lead present in the soil for filling stations and control area. Second: Quantitative results of some physical factors of the soil of filling stations. Third: Physiological results of some blood tests for some workers in the stations of smokers and control group.
The quantitative results showed significant differences between the stations and the control area, as the results recorded the highest average concentration of lead in the soil (20.85 ± 0.35) ppm in the fourth station (Uqba bin Nafi) and the lowest average concentration (15.75 ± 0.34) ppm in the  first station (Andalusia) and the average concentration in the control area was (11.51 ± 0.28) ppm. The physiological results, included tests  such as  C-RP, Pb are concerned with the blood of smoking workers in those stations of smokers and indicate the concentration of lead in it to know the extent of the impact of the amount of lead in the gas  stations on the health and safety of people.  The extent of the impact of smoking as a contributing  factor in increasing the percentage of pollution and its impact on human health. The highest concentration of lead in smoking station workers was (31.9  ±  0.99) ppm and the lowest concentration was (27.6 ± 1.26) ppm  .