LUMBAR DISC HERNIATION: PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS, AND MODERN TREATMENT APPROACHES

Abstrak

Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common spinal disorder characterized by displacement of intervertebral disc material beyond the disc space. It is a leading cause of low back pain and radiculopathy, particularly affecting individuals in their productive years. The condition results from progressive disc degeneration, mechanical stress, and genetic predisposition. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical features and confirmed with imaging techniques such as MRI. Modern treatment strategies range from conservative management to minimally invasive surgical procedures. This article reviews the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and current treatment modalities for LDH.

Kata Kunci