Modern Approaches to the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstrak

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and progressive hyperglycemia. It represents one of the most widespread endocrine diseases worldwide and is associated with severe microvascular and macrovascular complications. Recent years have witnessed major advances in pharmacotherapy and patient-centered care, including the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and individualized treatment algorithms. This article reviews the modern methods of diagnosis and management of T2DM, emphasizing lifestyle modification, innovative pharmacological strategies, and the integration of digital technologies to improve patient outcomes and prevent long-term complications.

Kata Kunci