DYNAMICS OF MICROPHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE ORAL CAVITY DURING THE USE OF PLATE DENTURES

Abstrak

Although the use of removable (plate) dentures plays an important role in restoring function and aesthetics for completely or partially edentulous individuals, their continuous use leads to a number of microphysiological and microbiological changes in the oral cavity. These changes are dynamic and interrelated processes formed by both the mechanical impact of the denture and the body’s adaptive mechanisms.
At the microbiological level, the biofilm formed on the surface of dentures gradually develops into a complex microbiome structure. The proliferation of Candida albicans and various bacterial species within this biofilm causes an imbalance among microorganisms — dysbiosis. Dysbiosis can lead not only to local infections but also to alterations in systemic immune responses. This, in turn, contributes to chronic inflammation, hyperemia, and atrophic changes in the tissues that are in constant contact with the denture.
Overall, the use of removable dentures induces complex microbiological, physiological, and immunological changes in the oral cavity. Managing these changes requires a multidisciplinary approach — including the improvement of denture technology, patient education, and reinforcement of preventive care — to achieve optimal results, ensuring both the functional longevity of the denture and the long-term preservation of the patient’s oral health.